flash (macromedia):
INTRODUCTION
I'm in San Francisco, having attended FlashForward, a twice-annual
conference dedicated to the Macromedia Flash platform. This is the fourth
FlashForward conference I've had the privilege of attending, and it's been
interesting to watch the growth of Flash as a platform for web-based content
delivery. Though I've had my eye on Flash for more than five years, I only
started developing seriously for Flash in the past year. Macromedia's
format is maturing into something quite compelling.
The following conference summary is divided into two parts: first, an
"executive overview" of the big ideas explored in the conference, and
second, a detailed discussion of these issues. The first section is
appropriate for non-technical users who have an interest in web
presentation. The second will probably be most interesting to managers of
web content, web developers, and Flash junkies.
EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
The next version of the Flash player, to be released later this year, will
be a major advance for web-based presentation. Flash 8's dynamic layer
effects and support for dynamic compositing of video with alpha transparency
are significant advances that will dramatically affect the look and feel of
sites that support Flash. The Flash player will also feature more legible
typography, particularly when type is rendered at smaller sizes. Letter
spacing and other typographic manipulations will (at last) be
programmatically accessible to Flash developers.
The Flash Video Format is becoming a compelling alternative to Apple
Quicktime and Windows Media: it offers web users a solid video experience
with less fuss and mess. Macromedia's FlashCom server is required to support
the best implementations of Flash video. In my opinion, the considerable
expense of FlashCom server is the only thing holding the format back from
widespread adoption.
Flash as an application platform and a mode of content delivery has come a
long, long way from its early days. It warrants a close look and
re-evaluation from the many designers and academics who reflexively dismiss
"Flash sites" without properly understanding the evolution of the platform.
Flash has quietly grown into what client side Java promised but never quite
managed to become.
Flash MX2004 introduced Actionscript 2, which allows many Flash features to
be driven programmatically using modern object-oriented development
practices. The emergence of Actionscript as a "serious" programming language
has dramatically raised the quality level of entries to the FlashForward
Film festival this year, as traditional coders and development teams enter
the fray.
Macromedia is giving at least lip service to "Creative Commons" and other
forms of limited source code sharing. Chief Software Architect Kevin Lynch
suggested that a "view source" option or adopting a convention in site
structures for posting source code (e.g.
http://mysite/myflash.swf/flashsource) might be a way to encourage sharing
and learning.
Jared Tarbell of
http://levitated.net and
http://complexification.net continues to dazzle and impress us with some of the most interesting,
creative, and fun work being done right now in the Flash community. His
generative creatures are visually and conceptually beautiful, and his
generosity in opening the source code to all of his work is refreshing.
VIDEO
Macromedia is positioning the Flash video FLV format that it introduced with
Flash 6.0 as a direct competitor to Apple Quicktime and Windows Media.
Macromedia's contention with Flash Video is that it offers a superior
experience to its competitors because it doesn't demand an "extra" download
or plugin. Macromedia contends that more than 80% of web users already have
the Flash 7 player installed, meaning that they can play Flash Video
immediately.
Based on my observations and experiences with web-based video, Macromedia's
pitch is compelling. Apple Quicktime is a lousy experience on Windows
machines: the free version of QuickTime nags the user with "desktop spam"
that tries to sell an upgraded version of the player each and every time it
is loaded. I have also found the Windows QuickTime client to be prone to
memory leaks and crashes even on top-shelf, name-brand PC hardware
configurations. Folks who use Macs a lot tell me that Windows Media Player
is not a great experience on Apple hardware. What's a responsible developer
to do?
Flash video aspires to offer us a third, more user-friendly alternative.
Macromedia's FLV format doesn't demand an extra plugin, it can play inline
or iconic video as a part of an ordinary web page, and it doesn't spam the
user or demand registrations as competing players do. For my development
work for the University of Washington, for which I aspire to support many
platforms and users with a minimum of fuss, these are compelling arguments
in favor of the FLV format.
The primary drawback to Flash video that I see is that Macromedia continues
to try to leverage the advantages of the Flash video format to sell copies
of its extremely expensive FlashCom server. FlashCom is a unique and
wonderful product that would serve many UW needs, particularly in our News
and Information office. But so long as FlashCom is positioned as a product
that costs thousands and is subject to an uncertain upgrade cycle, it will
probably remain out of our consideration, which is a shame.
Mike Downey, technical product manager for Flash authoring, pitched the
advanced features of FlashCom-enabled FLV video, including support for
"instant on" streaming, dynamic bandwidth adjustment, and the capaibilities
for interaction offered by the rest of the Flash API. He also showed
several standout implementations of Flash video:
http://redbullcopilot.com http://www.adidas.com/us/heritage/home.asp http://cnet.com http://groundhogchase.com The Red Bull and Adidas sites are impressive. The Adidas product catalog
features inline instances of Flash video, showing dancers strutting around
in their spendy Adidas duds. As a sales pitch, it's much more interesting
than static catalogue shots.
Downey demonstrated some spectacular video compositing effects that will be
possible in the next version of the Flash player. Using an alpha channel,
video elements can be masked, combined with other video instances, or
dynamically combined with flash vector elements such as type or lines at
runtime.
TYPOGRAPHY
The Flash 8 client will resolve one of the Flash's Achilles' heels: simply
put, small antialiased type isn't very legible when it is rendered in the
current Flash player. Flash typographers have evolved their own strange
aesthetic in response to this challenge - single pixel width fonts with no
antialiasing - but the average reader tends to find these fonts mechanical
and hard to read. Flash 8's "Saffron" type rendering engine appears to